The Problem Of Genetically Modified Food - 1098 Words

A world where all your food was flavorful and healthy, big and ripe. No more shortage of food or worries about processed food, a utopia for food. But, a Utopia is only a fantasy, a fantasy is not reality. Genetically modified (GM) foods is starting to become more and more of a reality. But, with that reality comes the choice of should it be done; even though genetically modified food has positive effects, there are also negative effects that cannot be overlooked, such as cost, also the negative effects to the ecosystem, and insufficient testing. Starting off the with expensive cost of GM foods, GM foods started off as a means to stop world hunger, as stated in â€Å"Genetically Modified Food† (), â€Å"the high cost of development †¦ results in†¦show more content†¦Not only that, but from within the same article the following was stated, â€Å"Research that alters the genes of insects and grains to have a higher fight resistance†¦ could introduce mutat ions in nature that modify entire populations of animals and plants†¦ potentially destabilizing the food chain and allowing other species to invade† (Santini 7). Changing plants and crops change the diet of other animals. Some animals won t be able to eat their normal diet so they would have to travel into new areas, which in turn would also change the area’s food chain system; predators become prey, prey now have more animals that they have to avoid, and there would be an increase of lack of habitation per specific areas due to the new invasive species. All effects that will disrupt the food chain. Lastly, from the article â€Å"Genetically modified organism† (Ana) â€Å"... The crops are likely to contain greater herbicide residue; and increased spraying contaminates the rest of the environment†¦ Also if genes added to produce pesticide resistance in crops jumped to weed species, then weeds would thrive and be difficult to control† (24). Inev itably, when genes that let crops survive in harsh conditions are transformed to weeds, then the newly altered weed will be harder to control or kill. Also, farmers will get too confident on the crops ability to survive herbicides that they will spray more to attempt to kill weeds, but will only result in adding and leavingShow MoreRelatedThe Problem Of Genetically Modified Foods925 Words   |  4 Pagesaround you now, or the state of that community for future generations. Nowadays a problem of genetically modified food is widespread all over the world. More and more GM foods appear on the shelves of our stores and supermarkets. But, how much do we actually know about genetically modified foods? I believe there is not one answer for whether they are; good or bad for us, the environment, or for the economy. GM foods are designed for greater resistance to viruses and pests, higher nutritional valueRead MoreThe Problem Of Genetically Modified Foods913 Words   |  4 Pagesyou now, o r the well being of that community for future generations. Nowadays a problem of genetically modified food is widespread all over the world. More and more GM foods appear on the shelves of our grocery stores and supermarkets. But, how much do we actually know about genetically modified foods? I believe there is not one answer for whether they are; good or bad for us, the environment, or for the economy. GM foods are designed for greater resistance to viruses and pests, higher nutritional valueRead MoreThe Problem Of Genetically Modified Foods1604 Words   |  7 PagesConsumers do not need to go far to find Genetically Modified (GM) foods at the grocery store considering â€Å"90% of the corn and soybeans planted in the United States† (Landrigan, 2015, p.1) are genetically modified, helping to increase farmer’s crop yields. The GM corn alone is used extensively in many other forms such as processed foods, sodas, bread and more. Even though GM foods have been around sin ce the early 90’s, the debate surrounding the plausible health and environmental impacts have onlyRead MoreThe Problem Of Genetically Modified Food1968 Words   |  8 Pagesfor global leaders and must be addressed and handled soon. As with any large issue, people turn to science to solve the problem and some members of the scientific community have concluded that genetically modified foodstuffs are the solution. Since the 1990s, scientists have been perfecting biotechnology and genetics. With this advancement in knowledge came genetically modified organisms (GMOs). GMOs take a favorable trait from one organism and attach it to the DNA of another to make it more nutritiousRead MoreThe Problems With Genetically Engineered and Modified Foods Essay2049 Words   |  9 Pages Genetically engineered and modified foods have recently developed into one of the most widely debated issues in the United States. Arguments aside, the problem is going to be one that the world is going to have to feel the results of, whether prepared or not. Newly expanded research regarding biotechnology presents a willing audience with a whole new outlook on just how far scientific investigation and expansion can go. The accelerating rate, at which these new progressions are being made, is aRead MoreGenetically And Genetically Modified Food947 Words   |  4 PagesAs genetically modified food appeared into people’s consciousness, it had been at the center of vehement controversy. Because people lack information about genetically modified food’s potential influence, they wonder whether genetically modified food is a miracle or not. Genetically modified food can solve several problems. The potential effects of genetically modified food also should be measured. However , people should not assume that genetically modified food only has disadvantages, but understandRead MoreGenetically Food And World Hunger Problem1202 Words   |  5 PagesGenetically modified food And World Hunger Problem As Lehrer writes in the article â€Å" We, Robots†, compared to expectation on each other, people are extremely eager to take sides on technology (Lehrer, n.d.). In the 21st century, Technology has an extremely significant effect on the lives of individuals. Technology shows people a more efficient way to do things; Medical discoveries occur at an increasingly fast rate and agricultural processes that once required a plenty of human workers can now beRead MoreEssay about Rogerian Argument of Genetic Engineered Foods1161 Words   |  5 PagesRogerian Paper: Genetically Modified Food â€Å"Biotechnology has been used for more than 6,000 years for lots of interesting and practical purposes: making food such as bread and cheese, preserving dairy products and fermenting beer† (Biotechnology - Promising a Brighter Future for the World). Although we do not always realize it, biotechnology is a huge part of our everyday lives, from the medicine we use to keep us healthy, the fuel we use to take us where we need to go, and even the food we eat andRead MoreGenetically And Genetically Modified Foods1457 Words   |  6 Pageslike a healthy food to feed your family, but think again. That can of corn most likely contains traces of genetically modified proteins or DNA. These genetically modified foods were made to improve food, but some wonder if they are solving more problems than they cause. Genetically modified foods, or seeds, should not be produced because they cause vulnerability and disadvantage to populations, cause allergenic problems, and contaminate organic crops. Genetically modified foods are foods with differentRead MoreGenetically Modified Foods : Harmful Or Helpful?1199 Words   |  5 Pagesagainst genetically modified foods because they believe that these foods are associated with many health problems. Sixty percent of people in the United States do not realize that they have ever eaten a genetically modified food. These foods are all around us and constantly being improved by scientists. Genetically modified foods are really good for the world’s population. First of all, genetically modified foods have been around for centuries. Gregor Mendel had the first genetically modified food when

Social Contract Theory Natural Rights and Personhood...

Personhood is a central issue within ethics and natural rights debates. For any theory of ethics or system of declaring natural rights which purports how man should be treated and/or to what rights he is so entitled must begin with what ‘man’ is. There is no doubt man has an inherent value that entities such as flies and trees lack. This value does not come from mere physical form, but from what comprises personhood; because these things can be separated from our physical form they can fail to be developed or instantiated within man’s physical form. Natural rights, and the debate about what they are and where they come from, have been long-standing issues in the philosophical as well as political communities. One thing that does seem clear†¦show more content†¦Both Locke and Rousseau believe that man, within the state of nature, is not a brutal creature void of morality. Hobbes famous quote concerning man’s natural condition, â€Å"and which is wo rst of all, continual fear, and danger of violent death: and the life of man, solitary, poor, nasty, brutish and short, is indicative of his vastly different views regarding the State of Nature. The Law of Nature, which is Locke’s basis for all morality, is bestowed upon humanity by God. This is what keeps the State of Nature from automatically becoming an intolerable warzone. His belief in God greatly influenced his views of human nature, and what constitutes personhood, but his version of the Social Contract Theory had no less influence on our modern secular democracy. The Law of Nature demands that man not harm another man in respect to his, â€Å"life, health, liberty, or possessions.† Locke’s view of human nature grants all men equality under the Law of Nature and the capacity to recognize what it is in him that demands this protection from harm, in others. Nevertheless, the Law of Nature does allow man the defense of his own life. Rousseau has a similar idea regarding the conditions in the state of nature. However, his basis for this idea is not contingent upon a God-given Law of Nature, but upon the capacity for human empathy. According to Rousse au, the state of nature was simple and peaceful. Man was a relatively smallShow MoreRelatedHuman Rights Before And After Islam4363 Words   |  18 Pages Human Rights Before And After Islam Name: Institution: Professor: Introduction and background. Human rights has become one of the most complicated and complex challenge and issue for the twenty first century (Haneef, 2016). The Islamic culture has granted some fundamental human rights for the entire humanity, without discrimination based on any situation or background. The Western Countries claim to have been the founders of human rights after which the rest of the society orRead MoreChina in Africa Essay20116 Words   |  81 PagesFantu Cheru theme: AfricAn Agriculture Agriculture and the World Bank Atakilte Beyene Property rights Kjell Havnevik Tor A. Benjaminsen Espen Sjaastad inequality and climate change contents to our reAders AfricAn Agriculture 1 3 november 2007 Carin Norberg African agriculture and the World Bank: development or impoverishment? Atakilte Beyene 5 8 Property rights formalisation in Africa Tor A. Benjaminsen Espen Sjaastad the relationship between inequality and

International Marketing Carmans Kitchen

Question: Discuss about the International Marketingfor Carmans Kitchen. Answer: Carmans Kitchen Overview Carmans Kitchen Has been in business for the past 20 years producing food products and creating recipes for its customers. It has grown over the past two decades and has attracted international markets. The business founder in her late teen bought the Muesli for a $1000 and has grown the business into a billion dollar enterprise. Carolyn Creswell has won some of the prestigious prizes including the Telstra Australian businesswoman of the year in 2012. Her companys export products to 32 countries and has the muesli brand leading in supermarkets in Australia (Clark, 2014). The business brand is customer-oriented and delivers what is familiar with the people. The company has strategically positioned itself as being a flexible and dynamic business and responds within a short time to customer needs. The company has employed over 150 workers at the head office in Melbourne and others at the manufacturing bases. Ingredients, suppliers and checking the quality of the ingredients is done inherently though it also sources the designs packaging of the products within the region. The manufacturing process of the goods is delegated to manufacturing companies. The company indirectly produces the food products which is advantageous in managing the product and reducing the workload of the company(Wilson et al., 2016). The company marketing strategy relies on quality products which attract more markets. Most of the products from the company have been used in airlines as snacks, and it accounts for close to 7% of its customers (Hamid, 2010). The largest share of its products is sold in the supermarkets across the globe. The market has been favorable for the company due to increase in the value of private label products over branded products. The competition between the private sector and the manufacturers resulted in the closure of some manufacturing plants. Many of the manufacturing companies dismissed the potential threat that private labels posed to their operations. Success achieved by Carman is as a result of poor projection by manufacturing companies. The business founder defines herself as being optimistic and a risk taker, having built her company from a small store to an acclaimed international brand. Carmen has continuously grown and developed strategies that would be crucial to the company in case of any breakdown in the production to consumption process of the products. Market Analysis For a company to achieve its goals and objectives, there must be steps and procedures to be followed. There are several models used in the market analysis; The STP (Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning) and the SWOT (Strengths, Weakness, Opportunities and Threats) are the commonly used models. The STP is increasingly becoming popular as it shifts focus from products to customers as explained by Andriole (2009). Traditionally, most models used in the analysis focused more on product differentiation which does not apply to the current market dynamics. The articles will focus on the use of STP in marketing analysis of the Carmens Kitchen products. STP model creates customer-based products that connect to their preferences. Segmentation This is the first step that involves placing customers in categories depending on their needs and preferences. This is important in developing products that resonate well with a section of the customers and not all of the customers. Classification of customer types is crucial in ensuring customer satisfaction and sense of acceptance of their preferences. Carmens approach focuses more on the customers wellbeing. They have a flexible market response as they do what the customers prefer. They are swift to change the product if they gather that the customers opinions are contrary to the companys policy. For instance, the formulation of Blueberry Superfoods was as a result of poor reception of the blueberry, nut seed. This move saved the line from being pulled out, and consequently, the sales went up. Targeting This requires the company to determine the size of the target market. For segmentation to be done, the market scope should be wide so as differences in the market can be identified. The existing differences are analyzed to project the profit. These target market placed in segments should be accessible for the company to realize its goals. Carmen has been in the market for the past two decades and has made major strides in attracting customers from across the globe. It has developed an interactive and engaging system through the creation of recipes that the clients are willing to experiment. The customers are engaged through an interface that allows the company to collect feedback which is essential for the improvement of the companys products. Positioning This involves mapping the market occupied by a competitor and giving factors that make them favorable. This provides a business insight to its current situation in the market. It is a step in which a business can identify a possible niche in the market and strategize on how to exploit that gap. Carman has positioned itself as an authentic brand with customer touch to its brand. The company has focused on providing the customers with top notch products. The company exploited the markets by paying attention to every small aspect of customer preferences. It has stood out from other cereal-based production companies as its label has become a sensation to the customers and it has assisted in the marketing of the brand by use of word of mouth. It has managed to position itself in the media as a likable product. Its marketing strategy aims at reaching to new customers using enticing methods that do not irritate. Carman exploited the shift in the new market trend to more private labels that focus on the customers needs rather the traditional manufacturing of products that were out of customer touch. Justification of the STP Analysis for Indonesian markets Indonesia has become a close trading partner to Australia with many companies securing deals with the Indonesian importers. There is an increase in demand for Australian goods in Indonesian markets. Indonesian consumers prefer international products with the increasing change in lifestyles towards a western culture (Hundloe, Blagrove, Ditton, 2016). More food products are being exported to Indonesia from Australia which has resulted in the expansion of franchises and supermarkets to meet this demand. Australian goods in the Indonesian market have attracted more customers because of their reputation. Many companies focus on the quality of the products as a marketing strategy increasing the chances of holding its market share (Dominici, 2006). Carmens kitchen could analyze Indonesian market using the STP model. This will enable it to understand the market landscape and identify opportunities that they could exploit. Segmentation of the Indonesian Consumer market This is the first step in understanding the market dynamics. Consumers need to be categorized to ensure that specific products reach a particular customer. Indonesia has a growing youth population who aspire modern lifestyles which have resulted in a shift from traditional or local products to international brands. The youth population drives the landscape of the global brands. Carmans success relies on the ability of its products to appeal to the younger generation. Processed foods are increasingly being used in the urban population. Paying attention to their choice of goods is important in developing a strategy for the marketing and distribution of products. Carman has an advantage because its products do not violate the Halal certification. Indonesia is predominantly Muslim country; therefore, certain products cannot do well in the country without a halal certification Target Consumer Group The growing youth population makes the Indonesian market favorable for companies selling their products to these people. Carmans products have the ability to appeal from this population as they represent a western culture which this section of the customers is getting inclined to. The youth population determines how the company operates as they are increasingly dominating the market trends. Carmen should also identify the increasing urbanization in Indonesia as an opportunity for its products. Leinbach, T. R. (2004) explains that working class individuals and families prefer processed food as the shift from traditional practices of preparing food from scratch. This group is a potential consumer group that Carman needs to attract. The company has increased the chance of success as the size of the market groups large, and demand is rising. Positioning of the Products Carmens products have become successful in many countries because they were able to identify areas where there was a niche, and the product was projected to have good sales. The products should have a halal certification for it to perform in an Islamic Country. Distribution channels are essential in availing the product to consumers. Carman should identify a reputable importer who understands the market and can develop strategies for attracting customers. The company can identify importers, food operators or retailers whom they could sign a deal with to manage their products in the country. It is important to research on the identified potential distribution channel on its ability to understand the target group consumer dynamics and their legality, suggests Sternquist, B. (2007). Conclusion The success of Carmans products stems from good leadership. The founder knows the entire operations of the business which gives her an understanding of brand trends. Strategies have become a backbone of the activities that the company relies on. The founder attributes the success to a projection of future threats and opportunities that the company is likely to face. Growth of the company is a summation of a marketing mix that the company has used for the past two decades References Andriole, S. J., (2009). Business Technology Trends Analysis. London Press. Clark, P. (2014). Modern Australian food: delicious classic contemporary food from the city, country coast. Dominici, G. (2006). Ecology of Insular Southeast Asia the Indonesian Archipelago. Amsterdam, Elsevier. Hamid, E. S., (2010). Indonesia in ASEAN trade co-operation: the impacts of tariff reductions on Indonesian imports. Hundloe, T., Blagrove, S., Ditton, H., (2016). Australia's role in feeding the world. Pearson Leinbach, T. R., (2004). The Indonesian rural economy: mobility, work, and enterprise. Singapore, Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. Mishra, S., (2007). Strategic case analysis: business concepts, strategy frameworks, and solved business cases as Socratic dialogues. Fremont, Calif, Franteractive, Inc. National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Art Award. (2011). 28 Telstra National Aboriginal Torres Strait Islander Art Award. [Darwin], [Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory]. Sternquist, B., (2007). International retailing. New York, Fairchild Publications. Unesco WHO Collaborating Center for Research on Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases. (2009). Food culture: development and education: building food culture and education for longevity. Hyogo, Japan, World Health Frontier Institute. Wilson, A. M., Mccullum, D., Henderson, J., Coveney, J., Meyer, S. B., Webb, T., Ward, P. R., (2016). Management of food incidents by Australian food regulators. Nutrition Dietetics. 73, 448-454.

The Scariest Place IVe Ever Been Essay Example

The Scariest Place IVe Ever Been Essay The Scariest Place Ive Ever Been The scariest place Ive ever been was Stewartsville Cemetery, located outside of Maxton, N. C. The night we decided to go was Friday 13th. My wife and I invited friends and family over to watch horror movies. While watching the movies we began to get pumped up and ready for a night out filled with fun and adventure, not realizing what I was getting myself into. We left home around 12:30 that morning, when we arrived at the cemetery I was hesitant about getting out of my vehicle, because this was my first time ever doing anything like this. The graveyard seemed to have at least three hundred graves, they were seperated by an old iron fence. As we all got out of our vehicles and began to walk through the graveyard the fog had began covering the burial grounds as if it was a blanket. We started walking trying to find the oldest grave, but it was so dark that I barely could see my own hands in front of my face. I could only see the solar lights which families had put on their relatives grave. Instead, everyone came up with a great idea to play hide and go seek. We will write a custom essay sample on The Scariest Place IVe Ever Been specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Scariest Place IVe Ever Been specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Scariest Place IVe Ever Been specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer I was afraid to join in because, the thoughts that were going through my head was darkness, heavy fog, and playing on dangerous grounds. In one area of the graveyard, the graves were dated back to the late 1700s and in another area the graves were most recent, and the ground was still soft. We decided to see who could find the oldest grave and eventually I did, dating back to the year 1801. After we arrived back at our house and everyone went home my wife took a shower and layed down for the night. As for me, I was restless and scared to close my eyes. The thoughts of the graveyard and spirits horrified me. I felt like I had done something really wrong and that the spirits were waiting to haunt me. That was the longest night ever, and I was so thankful to see daylight. In conclusion, I have to say that Stewartsville Cemetery was the most scariest place I had ever been. It has all the right characteristics for a haunted graveyard, and the graves there are old and spooky. Not to mention a place down the road called Gravity Hill, which is also known for it hauntings.

Biography of Luigi Galvani, Electrophysiology Pioneer

Biography of Luigi Galvani, Electrophysiology Pioneer Luigi Galvani (September 9, 1737–December 4, 1798) was an  Italian physician who demonstrated what we now understand to be the electrical basis of nerve impulses. In 1780, he accidentally made frog muscles twitch by jolting them with a spark from an electrostatic machine. He went on to develop a theory of animal electricity. Fast Facts: Luigi Galvani Known For:  Demonstrating the electrical basis of nerve impulsesAlso Known As:  Aloysius GalvanusBorn:  September 9, 1737 in Bologna,  Papal StatesParents: Domenico Galvani  and  Barbara Caterina Galvani  Died:  December 4, 1798 in Bologna, Papal StatesEducation: University of Bologna, Bologna, Papal StatesPublished Works: De viribus electricitatis in motu musculari commentarius (Commentary on the Effect of Electricity on Muscular Motion)Spouse: Lucia Galeazzi Galvani  Notable Quote: I was fired with incredible zeal and desire of having the same experience, and of bringing to light whatever might be concealed in the phenomenon. Therefore I myself also applied the point of a scalpel to one or other crural nerve at a time when one or other of those who were present elicited a spark. The phenomenon always occurred in the same manner: violent contraction in individual muscles of the limbs, just as if the prepared animal had been seized with tetanus, were induced at the same moment of time in which sparks were discharged. Early Life and Education Luigi Galvani was born in Bologna, Italy, on September 9, 1737. As a young man he wished to take religious vows, but his parents persuaded him to go to university instead. He studied at the University of Bologna, where he earned his degree in medicine and philosophy in 1759. Work and Research After graduation, he supplemented his own research and practice as an honorary lecturer at the university. His earliest published papers covered a wide range of topics, from the anatomy of bones to the urinary tracts of birds. By the end of the 1760s, Galvani had married Lucia Galeazzi, the daughter of a former professor. They had no children. Galvani became a professor of anatomy and surgery at the university, taking the position of his father-in-law after he died. In the 1770s, Galvani’s focus shifted from anatomy to the relationship between electricity and life. Great Discovery As with many scientific discoveries, a colorful story is told about the accidental revelation of bioelectricity. According to Galvani himself, one day he observed his assistant using a scalpel on a nerve in a frog’s leg. When a nearby electric generator created a spark, the frog’s leg twitched. This observation prompted Galvani to develop his famous experiment. He spent years testing his hypothesis- that electricity can enter a nerve and force a contraction- with a variety of metals. Animal Electricity Later, Galvani was able to cause muscular contraction without a source of electrostatic charge by touching the frog’s nerve with different metals. After further experimenting with natural (i.e., lightning) and artificial (i.e., friction) electricity, he concluded that animal tissue contained its own innate vital force, which he termed animal electricity. He believed animal electricity to be a third form of electricity- a view that wasn’t altogether uncommon in the 18th century. While these findings were revelatory, astonishing many in the scientific community at the time, it took a contemporary of Galvani’s, Alessandro Volta, to fine-tune the meaning of Galvani’s discoveries. Voltas Response A professor of physics, Volta was among the first to mount a serious response to Galvani’s experiments. Volta proved that the electricity did not emerge from the animal tissue itself, but from the effect produced by the contact of two different metals in a moist environment (a human tongue, for instance). Ironically, our current understanding shows that both scientists were right. Galvani would attempt to respond to Volta’s conclusions by doggedly defending his theory of animal electricity, but the onset of personal tragedies (his wife died in 1790) and the political momentum of the French Revolution prevented him from pursuing his response. Later Life and Death Napoleon’s troops occupied Northern Italy (including Bologna) and in 1797 academics were required to take an oath of allegiance to the republic declared by Napoleon. Galvani refused and was forced to leave his position. Without income, Galvani moved back to his childhood home. He died there on December 4, 1798, in relative obscurity. Legacy Galvani’s influence lives on, not only in the discoveries that his work inspired- like Volta’s eventual development of the electric battery- but in a wealth of scientific terminology as well. A galvanometer is an instrument used to detect electric current. Galvanic corrosion, meanwhile, is an accelerated electrochemical corrosion that occurs when dissimilar metals are placed in electrical contact. Lastly, the term galvanism is used in biology to signify any muscular contraction stimulated by an electrical current. In physics and chemistry, galvanism is the induction of electrical current from a chemical reaction. Galvani has a surprising role in literary history as well. His experiments on frogs evoked a haunting sense of reawakening in the way they motivated movement in a dead animal. Galvanis observations served as a noted inspiration for Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein. Sources Dibner, Bern.  Galvani-Volta: A Controversy That Led to the Discovery of Useful Electricity. Burndy Library, 1952.Commentary On The Effect Of Electricity On Muscular MotionFull text of .â€Å"Luigi Galvani.†Ã‚  MagLab.

War of the First Coalition in 1790s France

War of the First Coalition in 1790s France The French Revolution led to much of Europe going to war in the mid-1790s. Some belligerents wanted to put Louis XVI back on a throne, many had other agendas like gaining territory or, in the case of some in France, creating a French Republic. A coalition of European powers formed to fight France, but this ‘First Coalition’ was just one of seven which would be needed to bring peace to the majority of Europe. The early phase of that mammoth conflict, the war of the First Coalition, is also known as the French Revolutionary Wars, and they are often overlooked by the arrival of a certain Napoleon Bonaparte, who transformed them into his conflict. The Start of the French Revolutionary Wars By 1791 the French Revolution had transformed France and worked to tear down the powers of the old, nationally absolutist, regime. King Louis XVI was reduced to a form of house arrest. Part of his court hoped that a foreign, royalist army would march into France and restore the king, who had asked for help from abroad. But for many months the other states of Europe refused to help. Austria, Prussia, Russia and the Ottoman Empires had been involved in a series of power struggles in Eastern Europe and had been less worried about the French king than their own jostling for positions until Poland, stuck in the middle, followed France by declaring a new constitution. Austria now tried to form an alliance that would threaten France into submission and stops the eastern rivals from fighting. France and the revolution had thus been sheltered while it progressed but became a useful distraction with land which could be taken. On August 2nd, 1791 the King of Prussia and the Holy Roman Emperor seemed to declare an interest in war when they issued the Declaration of Pillnitz. However, Pillnitz was designed to frighten the French revolutionaries and support the French who supported the king, not start a war. Indeed, the text of the declaration was worded to make war, in theory, impossible. But the emigres, agitating for war, and the revolutionaries, who were both paranoid, took it the wrong way. An official Austro-Prussian alliance was only concluded in February 1792. The other Great Powers were now looking at French hungrily, but this did not automatically mean war. However the emigres - people who had fled France - were promising to return with foreign armies to restore the king, and while Austria turned them down, German princes humored them, upsetting the French and provoking a call for action. There were forces in France (the Girondins or Brissotins) who wanted to take pre-emptive action, hoping that war would enable them to oust the king and declare a republic: the king’s failure to surrender to constitutional monarchy left the door open for him to be replaced. Some monarchists supported the call for war in the hope foreign armies would march in and restore their king. (One opponent of the war was called Robespierre.) On April 20th France’s National Assembly declared war on Austria after the Emperor helpfully tried another careful threat. The result was Europe reacting and the formation of the First Coalition, which was first between Austria and Prussia but was then joined by Britain and Spain. It would take seven coalitions to permanently end the wars now started. The First Coalition was aimed less at ending the revolution and more on gaining territory, and the French less as exporting revolution than getting a republic. The Fall of the King The revolution had wrought havoc on the French forces, as many of the officers had fled the country. The French force was thus an amalgam of the remaining royal army, the patriotic rush of new men, and conscripts. When the Army of the North clashed with the Austrians at Lille they were easily defeated and it cost the French a commander, as Rochambeau quit in protest at the problems he faced. He fared better than General Dillon, who was lynched by his own men. Rochambeau was replaced by the French hero of the American Revolutionary War, Lafayette, but as violence erupted in Paris, he debated whether to march on it and install a new order and when the army wasn’t keen he fled to Austria. France organized four armies to form a defensive cordon. By mid-August, the main coalition army was invading mainland France. Led by Prussia’s Duke of Brunswick it had 80,000 men drawn from central Europe, it took fortresses such as Verdun and closed on Paris. The Army of the Centre seemed like little opposition, and there was a terror in Paris. This was largely due to the fear the Prussian army would flatten Paris and slaughter the residents, a fear caused largely by Brunswick’s promise to do just that if the king or his family were harmed or insulted. Unfortunately, Paris had done exactly that: the crowd had killed their way to the king and taken him prisoner and now feared retribution. Massive paranoia and a fear of traitors also fuelled the panic. It caused a massacre in the prisons and over a thousand dead. The Army of the North, now under Dumouriez had been focusing on Belgium, but marched down to aid the Centre and defend the Argonne; they were pushed back. The Prussian king (also present) gave orders and entered into a battle with the French at Valmy on September 20th, 1792. The French won, Brunswick being unable to commit his army against a larger and well defended French position and so fell back. A determined French effort might have shattered Brunswick, but none came; even so, he withdrew, and the hopes of the French monarchy went with him. A republic was established, in large part due to the war. The rest of the year saw a mixture of French successes and failures, but the revolutionary armies took Nice, Savoy, the Rhineland and in October, under Demouriez, Brussels, and Antwerp after swamping the Austrians at Jemappes. However, Valmy was the victory that would inspire French resolve over the next years. The coalition had moved half-heartedly, and the French had survived. This success left the government to hurriedly come up with some war aims: the so-called ‘Natural Frontiers’ and the idea of freeing oppressed peoples were adopted. This caused further alarm in the international world. 1793 France began 1793 in a belligerent mood, executing their old king and declaring war on Britain, Spain, Russia, the Holy Roman Empire, most of Italy and The United Provinces, despite roughly 75% of their commissioned officers having left the army. The influx of tens of thousands of passionate volunteers helped strengthen the remains of the royal army. However, the Holy Roman Empire decided to go on the offensive and France was now outnumbered; conscription followed, and areas of France rebelled as a result. Prince Frederick of Saxe-Coburg led the Austrians and Dumouriez rushed down from the Austrian Netherlands to fight but was defeated. Dumouriez knew he’d be accused of treason and had had enough, so he asked his army to march on Paris and when they refused fled to the coalition. The next General up - Dampierre - was killed in battle and the next - Custine - was defeated by the enemy and guillotined by the French. All along the borders coalition forces were closing in - f rom Spain, through the Rhineland. The British managed to occupy Toulon when it rebelled, seizing the Mediterranean fleet. France’s government now declared a ‘Levà ©e en Masse’, which basically mobilized/conscripted all adult males for the defense of the nation. There was uproar, rebellion and a flood of manpower, but both the Committee of Public Safety and the France they ruled had the resources to equip this army, the organization to run it, new tactics to make it effective, and it worked. It also started the first Total War and began the Terror. Now France had 500,000 soldiers in four main forces. Carnot, the Committee of Public Safety man behind the reforms was called the ‘organiser of Victory’ for his success, and he may have prioritized an attack in the north. Houchard was now commanding the Army of the North, and he used a mixture of old regime professionalism with sheer weight of conscript numbers, together with coalition mistakes which divided their forces and gave inadequate support, to force the coalition back, but he also fell to French guillotines after accusations doubting his effort: he was accused of not follow up victory quick enough. Jourdan was the next man up. He relieved the siege of Maubeuge and won the battle of Wattignies in October 1793, while Toulon was liberated thanks, in part, to an artillery officer called Napoleon Bonaparte. The rebel army in the Vendà ©e was broken, and the frontiers generally forced back east. By the end of the year the provinces were broken, Flanders cleared, France expanding, and Alsace liberated. The French army was proving fast, flexible, well supported and able to absorb more losses than the enemy, and could thus fight more often. 1794 In 1794 France reorganized armies and moved commanders about, but the successes kept coming. Victories at Tourcoing, Tournai, and Hooglede occurred before Jourdan once more took control, and the French were finally able to successfully cross the Sambre after many attempts, beating Austria at Fleurus, and by the end of June had thrown the allies out of Belgium and the Dutch Republic, taking Antwerp and Brussels. Centuries of Austrian involved in the region had been halted. Spanish forces were repelled and parts of Catalonia taken, the Rhineland was also taken, and the borders of France were now safe; parts of Genoa were now also French. The French soldiers were constantly boosted by patriotic propaganda and a huge number of texts sent out to them. France was still producing more soldiers and more equipment than its rivals, but they also executed 67 generals that year. However, the revolutionary government didn’t dare disband the armies and let these soldiers flood back into France to destabilize the nation, and neither could the faltering French finances support the armies on French soil. The solution was to carry the war abroad, ostensibly to safeguard the revolution, but also to get the glory and booty the government needed for support: the motives behind the French actions had already changed before Napoleon arrived. However, the success in 1794 had been partly due to war breaking out again in the east, as Austria, Prussia, and Russia sliced up a Poland fighting to survive; it lost and was taken off the map. Poland had in many ways helped France by distracting and dividing the coalition, and Prussia scaled -down war efforts in the west, happy with gains in the east. Meanwhile, Britain was sucking up French colonies, the French navy is unable to work at sea with a devastated officer corps. 1795 France was now able to capture more of the northwest coastline, and conquered and changed Holland into the new Batavian Republic (and took its fleet). Prussia, satisfied with Polish land, gave up and came to terms, as did a number of other nations, until only Austria and Britain remained at war with France. Landings designed to aid French rebels - such as at Quiberon - failed, and Jourdan’s attempts to invade Germany were frustrated, in no small part to a French commander following others and fleeing to the Austrians. At the end of the year, the government in France changed to the Directory and a new constitution. This government gave the executive - Five Directors - too little power over war, and they had to manage a legislature which continually preached spreading the revolution by force. While the Directors were, in many ways, keen on the war, their options were limited, and their control over their generals questionable. They planned a two front campaign: attack Britai n through Ireland, and Austria on land. A storm stopped the former, while the Franco-Austrian war in Germany went back and forth. 1796 The French forces were now split largely between operations in Italy and Germany, all aimed at Austria, the only major enemy left on the mainland. The Directory hoped Italy would provide plunder and land to be exchanged for territory in Germany, where Jourdan and Moreau (who both had priority) were fighting a new enemy commander: Archduke Charles of Austria; he had 90,000 men. The French force was disadvantaged as they lacked cash and supplies, and the target region had suffered several years of depredation by the armies. Jourdan and Moreau advanced into Germany, at which point Charles tried to force them apart before the Austrians united and attacked. Charles managed to defeat Jourdan first at Amberg in late August and again at Wà ¼rzberg in early September, and the French agreed an armistice having been pushed back to the Rhone. Moreau decided to follow suit. Charles’ campaign was marked by sending his surgeon over to assist a famed and injured French General. In Italy, Napoleon Bonaparte was given the command. He stormed through the region, winning battle after battle against armies who divided their forces. 1797 Napoleon secured control of northern Italy and fought his way close enough to Austria’s capital of Vienna to make them come to terms. Meanwhile, in Germany, without Archduke Charles - who had been sent to face Napoleon - the Austrians were pushed back by French forces before Napoleon had forced the peace in the south. Napoleon dictated the peace himself, and the Treaty of Campo Formio expanded the boundaries of France (they kept Belgium) and created new states (Lombardy joined the new Cisalpine Republic) and left the Rhineland for a conference to decide. Napoleon was now the most famous general in Europe. The only major French setback was a naval battle at Cape St. Vincent, where one Captain Horatio Nelson assisted a British victory over French and allied ships, which were notionally readying for an invasion of Britain. With Russia far away and pleading financial weakness, only Britain remained both at war and close to France.

Evolution of Policing through the 20th century Research Paper

Evolution of Policing through the 20th century - Research Paper Example This paper will discuss the various changes that have occurred in the policing process. The paper will also discuss the intelligence based policing that has been adopted and which has transformed the policing process. The intelligence based policing makes use of information gathered and analyzed in an attempt to reduce crime. The paper will also suggest an effective policing strategy. The process of policing and law enforcement has evolved over time to the present state where the law enforcement agencies and departments are trained and highly specialized to enable them to face various problems and situations. The evolution of policing has seen the interaction between the community and the police and law enforcement agencies undergo major transformations (Palmiotto, 2011). Traditionally, the law enforcement and policing was modeled on the England system of policing. The law enforcement agencies had the mission of controlling and preventing crime and adopted a strategy that allowed preventive patrol. In the policing process, there was an emphasis on the protection of the individual’s liberty, which could effectively limit police authority. The policing process has however undergone some major changes in the process to evolve to meet the needs of the community (Skogan & Kathleen, 1997). The evolution of policing beyond the boundaries of the country has also been taking place at a rapid pace. There have been rapid expansions in the process of international policing as the world continues to open its borders and threats of terrorism continue to affect more countries. In the 20th century, there has been the advancement of international institutions that deal with the deployment d international forces (Skogan & Kathleen 1997). Such international agencies include NATO and the United Nations. The police forces in different countries have evolved to the point where they have structures in place to enable exchange of information for

ConocoPhillips Internal Business Analysis Essay

ConocoPhillips Internal Business Analysis - Essay Example ConocoPhillips Corporation was founded in 1875 as Continental Oil and Transportation Co. which at that time was one of the first Petroleum makers (ConocoPhillips, 2007). The company has grown a lot in 132 years and in 2006 it had annual sales of over $188 billion, operates in over 40 countries and employees nearly 38,000 people. It is a publicly traded fortune 500 company that has achieved tremendous growth during the 21st century. Its main line of business includes petroleum production and refining, natural gas, chemicals and plastics. The company is recognized worldwide for its technological expertise, deepwater exploration and production, reservoir management and exploitation, 3D seismic technology, high-grade petroleum coke upgrading and sulfur removal (ConocoPhillips, 2007). The company has a very strong crude oil, natural gases and liquid gases operation. It is its strongest line of business. In 2006 the company produced 976,000 barrel of crude oil per day (DB), 4.97 billion cubic feet of gas per day (BCFC), and 136,000 DB of gas liquids daily (Annual Report, 2007). The company has a competitive advantage in this market because they control all sides of the supply chain. They explore, produce, refine, distribute and market the product. They have great logistics which is helped by its physical presence in 40 nations. They own 69.5 million net developed and underdeveloped acres of land in 23 countries for production and exploration purposes (Annual Report, 2007). ConocoPhillips Corporation extended its market share in the natural gases market by acquiring Burlington Resources. The move was also extremely beneficial because it allowed the company to gain access to life-long reserve of natural gases in the North American market. The company has some weakness and faces certain threats related to industry conditions. As a publicly traded company ConocoPhillips Corporation has lost access to direct foreign investments funds

Implementing ERP Solution Projects in SMBs Essay Example for Free

Implementing ERP Solution Projects in SMBs Essay Managing and developing intellectual capital in many of today’s organizations is becoming the greatest asset. Different firms of different sizes operating in different sectors are seeking a way of performing this task effectively and efficiently. Among the different tools under considerations, many consider Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) software packages essential tools to effectively manage, retain and share knowledge among stakeholders at all echelons. ERP implementation causes changes to the receiving organization given its comprehensiveness and integrity. As a result challenges which results into additional risks and realization of new opportunities arise and proper action must be taken to avert or reinforce the challenge for better results. ERP solution system is as an opportunity for business entities whether small or large to use software applications that are specifically designed to upgrade the various business functions and attain the best business practices (Markus and Tanis, 2000, Marnewick and Labuschagne, 2005). Effective implementation of ERP software applications ensures that the major functional parts of a business enterprise are linked together in a common amalgamated software system (Sandoe et al, 2001, Rao 2000). This process makes it possible for the business activities to be instigated more efficiently and cooperation among the workers becomes more effective through the interactive information system. The process of implementing ERP in Small and Medium Businesses (SMBs) is beset with extra challenges and opportunities due to their specialty. The SMBs have limited financial and human resources, limited experience in project management and sometimes limited managerial competencies which determines the agility of their operations. Problem Statement Implementing ERP, projects require specialized application because they affect the receiving organization to different degrees. In implementing an ERP, solution divisions and departments within an organization have to be integrated into a single business platform, which affects the business model and the organization culture (Markus and Tanis, 2000). This makes the project risky and intricate. Due to global business factors, economic expansion and IT revolution ERP solutions are becoming a requirement for business success. SMBs being key players in the economic activity are not left out in this competition. However, the process and success stories of ERP solutions in SMBs is lacking as past studies mainly focused on the large scale enterprises ERP solution process and application. In addition, the present trend of ERP solution project implementation by SMBs in the diverse business sectors and industries calls for the exploration of the opportunities and challenges of Implementing ERP Solution Projects in SMBs to pave way for the identification of ways of avoiding or minimizing losses in the implementation process (Soh et al, 2000). SMBs organization structures and organizational cultures are not all well defined. This coupled with the rigidity of the organization structure and culture present serious challenges to the implementation of ERP projects in SMBs. Additionally ERP projects are more successful in easy to change and agile organizations. However, unlike in large companies, the senior management team of the SMBs is normally part of the daily business operations and lacks in-depth knowledge and skills necessary to have organized long-term plans for the business and even the adoption of ERP solution projects. Similarly low capital base and lack of properly trained personnel have remained a major setback in the running of the functions of SMBs. This problem is compounded by lack of sufficient funds to sustain training and engage quality consultants in such trainings. According to Sandoe et al (2001) many SMBs lack dedicated IT staff able to perform the risk management function exposing major business operations to unnecessary risks. Likewise, within internal functions of a SMB, organizational changes that would give room for adoption of technology are limited due to lack of unused resources. The impact of unsuccessful implementation of ERP solution to a SMB are said to be greater to the entire operations of the business enterprise while the success of wisely implemented ERP system will have a whole organizational positive impact (Rao 2000).

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Photographers probably take more pictures of people than any other subject. Whether you prefer carefully posed (and composed) photos or more of a candid style, there are a variety of lenses in the Canon EF system that can produce excellent results. Traditionally, photographers have relied upon moderate telephotos for portraits, lenses such as the 85mm f/1.8 USM or 100mm f/2.0 USM. These lenses allow you to back off a little bit from your subject, and still produce frame-filling shots while minimizing the amount of background distractions. Furthermore, they're extremely sharp and fast — ideal for low-light conditions. Zoom lenses such as the 28-105mm f/3.5-4.5 USM, which include these focal lengths, work well in situations where you have a bit more available light. In situations where you want to interact with and control your subject, and minimize the effect of your background, short-to-moderate telephoto lenses may be the ideal choice. Longer telephoto lenses may be preferable if you are outdoors and can stand farther back from your subject, and are the lenses of choice if you prefer a candid approach. Zooms like the 75-300mm f/4-5.6 (especially the IS version, with its Image Stabilization that permits sharp hand-held shots in lower light levels), or the professional L-series 70-200mm zooms, are versatile choices that allow you to back off and also tend to throw backgrounds out of focus — a useful technique that pros have used to concentrate upon the subject. Fixed focal length telephotos, like the superb 135mm f/2.0L, 200mm f/2.8L, or 300mm f/4L IS, combine these benefits with outstanding sharpness and autofocus speed. Don't forget that sometimes including more background in a photo to lend a sense of "place" and tell the viewer something about the subject can be extremely effective. Wide-angle lenses, often ignored for portraits, can be an excellent way to communicate this if you're willing to move in relatively close to your subject.

American Beauty Film Critique Essay

There are few films that achieve the high level of quality exhibited by that of the 1990 beautiful tragedy, American Beauty. The film is a true masterpiece in both content and how this content is delivered to the viewers. It excels at being an enlightening and relevant drama about American life, and never fails to keep the audience entertained by providing many instances of well-placed humor. Every scene is filmed including metaphoric elements that not only show great stylistic and aesthetics, but also create a mood and feeling for the theme of the movie. American Beauty, directed by Sam Mendes, is a film that is set in suburban America, in a normal neighbourhood, following the everyday life of the central protagonist, Lester Burnham, who is living the typical ‘American Dream’. He appears to have a great job, big house, loving wife and daughter and even a white picket fence. However, all is not as it seems as appearance can often be deceiving; if we just â€Å"look closer†, we as audience members soon see that he realises both his wife, over bearing and controlling Carolyn and jaded teenage daughter, Jane think that, in the words of Jane, he is â€Å"this gigantic loser† and they’re right. The character of Lester is initially portrayed as a depressed, sad and lonely forty-year-old man, deprived of freedom and struggling to find anything worth living for. However as the film progresses Lester’s persona as a character is dramatically developed with the introduction of an equally intriguing character, Angela Hayes. Everything changes for Lester the night he is forced by his wife to his daughters school to see her perform as a cheerleader. There on the floor, engrossed in a pompon routin, parading and dancing around the court, he sees his ‘angel’: Angela his daughter’s high-school classmate. Angela fulfills the stereotypical idea of what beauty physical beauty is. She is thin, blonde, big blue-eyed and immediately catches Lester’s attention; Angela is not Lester’s highway to bliss, but she is at least a catalyst for his freedom (Ebert, 1999). His thoughts, and the dissatisfaction they stimulate, blast him free from years of emotional torture and bring him right back to his youth. It is from this moment on that Lester transforms into a spontaneous hormone-driven teenage boy, who smokes marihuana, works out, and uits his job all in order to impress his Angel-a. American Beauty uses Angela as the image of Lester’s broader want; that being his underlying desire for freedom and evidentially beauty. However, she symbolizes the potential underlying superficiality of physical beauty that is slowly revealed towards the end of the film. The film portrays many of the hidden problems within the white picket fence American dream along with addressing the problems many Americans have with feeling free and accepting their own identity. The film shows the vastly different worlds that people can live in whilst still living on the same street, and the disorder and frenzy that lies veiled in a society that we all try to portray as being as perfect as possible. In doing so, American Beauty reveals that the only way to calm the chaos is to find beauty in everything. To â€Å"look closer† is a must for truly understanding and identifying with the continuous bombardment of symbolism that is constantly being illustrated in this film. American Beauty portrays such themes as the falseness in lust, power and appearance and that we need to remind our selves â€Å"†¦of all the beauty there is in the world†, as beauty is a matter of opinion. Beauty however, is the most significant and explored theme in American Beauty. Another prevailing theme is the notion of the characters journey and transformation throughout the film. Lester’s journey can almost be compared to one from childhood from adulthood, figuratively speaking as evidentially, he steps into a mature, paternal phase where he takes responsibility and finds meaning in life, as an adult. Many techniques were used to portray these themes and influence audiences opinions of characters and events, including film techniques of cinematography, soundtrack as well as such visual techniques of symbolism, colour and contrast and both aesthetic and stylistic elements. American Beauty is a complex film that relies so heavily on mis-en-scene and cinematography to portray its message. In particular this is showcased during one scene that truly puts the ‘American Beauty’ into perspective; the opening scene or as it is often referred to as, the â€Å"High Point Scene†. The film explores the concepts of what true beauty really is and as suggested in the title of the film, the American Dream and how far this ‘dream’ really goes and what it actually means; this is explored further from the films tagline â€Å"look closer†; to think about perceived desire and to analyze more what these wants are. Through the exploration of the opening scene and a study of how the cinematography, mise en scene and sound foreshadows plot points in the rest of the film, the underlying messages and symbolism will be uncovered. The movie opens with a grainy shot of Jane Burnham reclining on a bed, complaining about her father. The scene begins with what is referred to as a flash forward, in cinematic terms. The line â€Å"Someone really should just put him out of his misery† is a hint towards the mid life crisis that the father Lester is currently going through and the ways in which she is aware of the pain he is dealing with, not knowing what he truly wants. Through the mise en scene and cinematography displayed throughout the scene, the audience is enabled to receive a glimpse into the events that have just occurred. Through the use of a lesser quality picture, shaky footage and dimmed lighting the audience is able to identify with the fact that the imagery being presented has that of a ‘home movie’ feel. The utilization of ‘raw footage’ within this drama genre of film gives the audience a sense of reality towards the character, hence making the dialogue seem more legitimate and believable. The addition of a pause into the characters dialogue helps to support and express the sense of ‘reality’ further, as it is as if she is really thinking about what she is saying. The rather ambiguous approach to the delivering of the line â€Å"You want me to kill him for you? † helps to draw attention to Jane’s reaction as apposed to the interviewers own intensions. This poses both Jane Burnham, the daughter and the unidentified interviewer as suspects to her father’s upcoming murder. However the abstruse approach from the interviewer combined with the daughters reply is foreshadowing what is to come later in the film, as each character related to the father is set up to be the possible murderer of his death. By using the body language as a primary tool for communication, the reply of â€Å"Yeah, would you† to the previous statement, suggests that she is almost daring the interviewer to kill him. This is expressed through the dominant changing of levels when she sits up, almost creating a shift in power, and looks down and straight into the camera, but at the same time also insinuates some sarcasm on her part. The audience learns in the very first lines of the movie that Jane’s dad, Lester, is not the father that she wants. The opening credits roll, and the shot switches to an aerial view of a neighborhood. The exact location is not specified, and that is very intentional. It is important that this not be a critique of a specific area, but of American culture as a whole. The scene begins with an aerial shot of a suburb, with Lester Burnham introducing the audience to his life and informing them that â€Å"In less than a year, I’ll be dead,† and â€Å"in a way, I’m dead already. † This dialogue is heightened through the following shots of Lester lying alone on a bed in a very dull coloured room, thus signifying the meaninglessness life in which he is leading. The utilization of an aerial shot here creates the idea that the world is looking down on him. The dominant use of bright lighting also indicates that it is the morning, however through the use of shadowing casted over Lester, it expressed to the audience that he is still in ‘the dark’; he is yet to be enlightened. Visual techniques are a constant feature in American Beauty, including the use of colour, contrast and symbolism. The primary recurring prop that is introduced at the beginning of the film is a rose, in which the audience first sees in a close up before Lester’s wife Carolyn Burnham picks it up. The first shot of the rose seems out of place, beginning with the flower filling the frame and then moving down to focus on the thorns before Carolyn’s clippers cut it. The rose symbolizes the impotence of not only the love life between Lester and Carolyn but the idea of the American Dream. This shot not only draws attention to the rose as a recurring object in the film, but it also serves as a metaphor for the Burnhams: on the outside they appear perfect, like the flower, but underneath they are rotten and broken (represented by the thorns). In this shot the character of Carolyn is also introduced and is instantly perceived as a cold, workaholic who is obsessive about how they (the family) is presented. This portrayal is demonstrated through the line â€Å"See the way the handle on those pruning shears matches her gardening clogs? That’s not an accident†, thus showing the audience what level she will go to, to maintain order and control. What is also noticeable about this shot is the mise en scene, in particular the red roses, white picket fences and the blue painting on the house. These colours in specific represent the American flag and therefore the American dream. These objects are most perceived to be included within the American dream as well as stereotypical figure of Carolyn, the suburban housewife. This ideology however, creates contrast with the cinematography. Many scenes are metaphoric in how they are shot, and what is in the frame symbolizes a higher, deeper meaning. This is demonstrated when, Lester looking out the window of his house at his wife, and the blinds on the window represent jail cell bars. Even the blocks of text on his computer screen at work, (shown later in the film) represent jail cell bars. Lester is â€Å"in jail† because his life at this point is so empty and missing substance. This cinematography technique often used in film nior is utilized to convey the emotions of disassociation and distance which in this case, is the way in which Lester feels towards his wife; he is no longer associated with her. American Beauty† is more than a biting satire on suburban life. This somewhat contrived story is meant to be an allegory. Alan Ball’s richly textured screenplay, brilliantly executed stylistic and aesthetic elements such as cinematography, mise en scene and symbols are effectively demonstrated throughout this masterpiece of a film. Every single shot is so carefully taken and layered with such vast significance that it is a marvel to behold. â€Å"Look closer,† the film’s tag line tells us. Look closer at the beautiful things we yearn for and spend our life chasing. There isn’t a single example of a film done better. Not only is the content top-notch, but the technical aspects of the movie are excellent as well. American Beauty truly demonstrates the power of film.

My Inspiration

All throughout life, we come across people who, in the course of our mingling with them, become an inspiration to us because of different reasons. He or she could be a parent, relative, a friend, a neighbor, teacher, or anybody who we deal with on a daily basis. In my case, the person who serves as my inspiration is my next door neighbor. My parents are both very busy working in order to provide our family's daily needs. So raising me was a bit of a predicament for them. As luck would have it, we have a next door neighbor who is a motherly soul. She came forward and volunteered to keep an eye on me while my parents were at work. She does not have any children of her own and as far back as I could remember, spends most of her time in her home tending to her garden. She is like a second mother to me.   My parents were so glad to leave me with her because she made sure to instill discipline and values in the child left in her care. She says that I am the child she never had. She is proud of me just like my parents are. I am so close to her that sometimes, my mom gets jealous because I ask our neighbor for her opinion on anything I want to do. What my parents do not know is that this neighbor of ours was there for me at a very trying time in my life. When I was being bullied and failing my subjects in school. She helped me realize my potential as a student and learn to respect myself as a human being. Since I would come over to her house directly after school, she spent her afternoons tutoring me and helping me with my other schoolwork. Even when I was at my dumbest and when my parents had given up on me learning the task at hand, she always supported me and told me that I could do it. I just needed to figure out how I could accomplish things in a way that made me comfortable. Each time, I would amaze my parents because of what I was able to accomplish. My life is going great right now. I like the person I have grown up to be and I know that I can accomplish more, as I grow older. All of this is because of the unconditional, inspirational support my next door neighbor gave and continues to give me.    My Inspiration All throughout life, we come across people who, in the course of our mingling with them, become an inspiration to us because of different reasons. He or she could be a parent, relative, a friend, a neighbor, teacher, or anybody who we deal with on a daily basis. In my case, the person who serves as my inspiration is my next door neighbor. My parents are both very busy working in order to provide our family's daily needs. So raising me was a bit of a predicament for them. As luck would have it, we have a next door neighbor who is a motherly soul. She came forward and volunteered to keep an eye on me while my parents were at work. She does not have any children of her own and as far back as I could remember, spends most of her time in her home tending to her garden. She is like a second mother to me.   My parents were so glad to leave me with her because she made sure to instill discipline and values in the child left in her care. She says that I am the child she never had. She is proud of me just like my parents are. I am so close to her that sometimes, my mom gets jealous because I ask our neighbor for her opinion on anything I want to do. What my parents do not know is that this neighbor of ours was there for me at a very trying time in my life. When I was being bullied and failing my subjects in school. She helped me realize my potential as a student and learn to respect myself as a human being. Since I would come over to her house directly after school, she spent her afternoons tutoring me and helping me with my other schoolwork. Even when I was at my dumbest and when my parents had given up on me learning the task at hand, she always supported me and told me that I could do it. I just needed to figure out how I could accomplish things in a way that made me comfortable. Each time, I would amaze my parents because of what I was able to accomplish. My life is going great right now. I like the person I have grown up to be and I know that I can accomplish more, as I grow older. All of this is because of the unconditional, inspirational support my next door neighbor gave and continues to give me.   

Free Essays on Writing Experience

together. I mean speaking the language was one thing but writing it for some reason seems to be difficult for me. I don’t really remember much of that part of my life, but I do know it happened. I am extremely glad that I was able... Free Essays on Writing Experience Free Essays on Writing Experience It all happened in 1993, I was 11 years old and in the sixth grade. Back then I remember it being so much easier to write. My teacher Mr. Ingham was one of those grouchy mad at the world kind of people. I wasn’t really too concerned with that except he used to give us extremely difficult homework. I remember he made the entire class by the mini version of Webster’s Dictionary. He was very tough when it came to teaching; his main objective was that his class learned as many elaborate words as possible. Although it did not seem fare at the time, I now thank him everyday. I remember there was this one time he made us keep a journal during the entire period of the semester on that one play by Shakespeare, â€Å"The taming of the Shrew†. I think that that was when I first realized the extent and full potential of my vocabulary, that was also when I got into writing. Although I had been writing little reports here and there, I had not realized what a gift it was to be able to put words together and write a sentence let alone an essay. Sometimes I wish it could go back to just tracing letters in the recycled big sheets of paper like when I was in first grade, but then I usually snap out of it because back then I was told what to write. Now I love to just sit and free write. My experience in Mr. Ingham’s class was that of a dramatic one. Back then I just thought he was incredibly mean and bitter, now I know he just happened to have the same interest in the English language and its fascination, just like me. My mother once told me how proud she was of me because I overcame my problem with grasping the English language. It wasn’t like I did not understand English. I simply just had problems putting words together. I mean speaking the language was one thing but writing it for some reason seems to be difficult for me. I don’t really remember much of that part of my life, but I do know it happened. I am extremely glad that I was able...

Biography of Charles Vane, English Pirate

Biography of Charles Vane, English Pirate Charles Vane (c. 680–1721) was an English pirate active during the Golden Age of Piracy, roughly from 1700 to 1725. Vane distinguished himself by his unrepentant attitude toward piracy and his cruelty to those he captured. Although his primary hunting grounds were the Caribbean, he ranged from the Bahamas north along the East Coast of North America as far as New York. He was known as a skilled navigator and combat tactician, but he often alienated his crews. After being abandoned by his last crew, he was arrested, tried, convicted, and hanged in 1721. Start of a Career Very little is known about Vanes early life, including his parents, his birthplace, and any formal education he acquired. He arrived in Port Royal, Jamaica, sometime during the War of Spanish Succession (1701–1714), and in 1716 he began serving under the infamous pirate Henry Jennings, based in Nassau, Bahamas. In late July 1715, a Spanish treasure fleet was hit by a hurricane off the coast of Florida, dumping tons of Spanish gold and silver not far from shore. As the surviving Spanish sailors salvaged what they could, pirates made a beeline for the wreck site. Jennings, with Vane on board, was one of the first to reach the site. His buccaneers raided the Spanish camp on shore, making off with some 87,000 British pounds in gold and silver. Rejection of a Pardon In 1718, King George I of England issued a blanket pardon for all pirates who wished to return to an honest life. Many accepted, including Jennings. Vane, however, scoffed at the notion of retirement and soon became the leader of those in Jennings crew who refused the pardon. Vane and several other pirates outfitted a small sloop, the Lark, for service as a pirate vessel. On Feb. 23, 1718, the royal Frigate HMS Phoenix arrived in Nassau, part of an attempt to convince the remaining pirates to surrender. Vane and his men were captured  but were released as a goodwill gesture. Within a couple weeks, Vane and some of his die-hard companions were ready to resume piracy. Soon he had 40 of Nassaus worst cutthroats, including seasoned buccaneer Edward England and Calico Jack Rackham, who later became a notorious pirate captain. Reign of Terror By April 1718, Vane had a handful of small ships and was ready for action. He captured 12 merchant ships that month. He and his men treated captured sailors and merchants cruelly, whether they surrendered or fought. One sailor was bound hand and foot and tied to the top of the bowsprit; the pirates threatened to shoot him if he didnt reveal where the treasure on board was located. Fear of Vane drove commerce in the area to a halt. His hunting grounds eventually ranged from the Bahamas along the East Coast of North America as far north as New York. Vane knew that Woodes Rogers, the new British governor of the Bahamas, would be arriving soon. Deciding that his position in Nassau was too weak, he set out to capture a larger pirate ship. He soon took a 20-gun French ship and made it his flagship. In June and July of 1718, he seized many more small merchant vessels, more than enough to keep his men happy. He triumphantly re-entered Nassau, essentially taking over the town. Bold Escape On July 24, 1718, as Vane and his men prepared to set off again, a Royal Navy frigate sailed into the harbor with the new governor. Vane controlled the harbor and its small fort, which flew a pirate flag. He welcomed the governor by firing immediately on the Royal Navy fleet and then sending a letter to Rogers demanding that he be allowed to dispose of his plundered goods before accepting the kings pardon. As night fell, Vane knew his situation had deteriorated, so he set fire to his flagship and sent it toward the navy ships, hoping to destroy them in a massive explosion. The British fleet hurriedly cut its anchor lines and got away. Vane and his men escaped. Meeting With Blackbeard Vane continued pirating with some success, but he still dreamed of the days when Nassau was under his control. He headed to North Carolina, where Edward Blackbeard Teach had gone semi-legitimate. The two pirate crews partied for a week in October 1718 on the shores of Ocracoke Island. Vane hoped to convince his old friend to join in an attack on Nassau, but Blackbeard declined, having too much to lose. Deposed by His Crew On Nov. 23, Vane ordered an attack on a frigate that turned out to be a French Navy warship. Outgunned, Vane broke off the fight and fled, though his crew, led by the reckless Calico Jack, wanted to stay and fight to take the French ship. The next day, the crew deposed Vane as captain and elected Calico Jack instead. Vane and 15 others were given a small sloop, and the two pirate crews went their separate ways. Capture Vane and his small band managed to capture a few more ships and by December they had five. They headed for the Bay Islands of Honduras, but a massive hurricane soon scattered their ships. Vanes sloop was destroyed and most of his men drowned; he was left shipwrecked on a small island. After a few miserable months, a British ship arrived. Vane tried to join the crew under a false name, but he was recognized by the captain of the second vessel that met the British ship. Vane was placed in chains and taken to Spanish Town, Jamaica, where he was imprisoned. Death and Legacy Vane was tried for piracy on March 22, 1721. The outcome was in little doubt, as a long line of witnesses testified against him, including many of his victims. He was hanged on March 29, 1721, at Gallows Point in Port Royal. His body was hung from a gibbet near the entrance to the harbor as a warning to other pirates. Vane is remembered today as one of the most unrepentant pirates of all time. His greatest impact may have been his steadfast refusal to accept a pardon, giving other like-minded pirates a leader to rally around. His hanging and the subsequent display of his body may have contributed to the hoped-for effect: The Golden Age of Piracy came to an end not long after his demise. Sources Defoe, Daniel (Capt. Charles Johnson). A General History of the Pyrates. Dover Publications, 1999.Konstam, Angus. The World Atlas of Pirates. Lyons Press, 2009.Rediker, Marcus. Villains of All Nations: Atlantic Pirates in the Golden Age. Beacon Press, 2004.Woodard, Colin. The Republic of Pirates: Being the True and Surprising Story of the Caribbean Pirates and the Man Who Brought Them Down. Mariner Books, 2008.Famous Pirates: Charles Vane. Thewayofthepirates.com.

Examine the Rivarly among existing competitors and the threat of Essay

Examine the Rivarly among existing competitors and the threat of substitute product in low cost airline industry in Europe - Essay Example Therefore, there should be checks and balances put in place to control the competitiveness among industries of low cost airline in Europe (Airlines Industry Profile: Europe, 2014, p. 4). This paper examines the rivalry among the competitors and the effect this has on the profit potential. Moreover, it also unravels the threats of substitute of a product in low cost airline industry in Europe. As asserted by Cameron and Quinn (2011, p. 2), airline industry has changed largely due to deregulation act of airline that occurred in America. These effects of deregulation act that occurred in America extended to the entire world. The results of liberalization of airline industry resulted in the emergence of low cost airline. The act helped in abandoning the status quo of restrictive pricing model that inhibited the growth of airline industry. Deregulation act helped in removing the state control over airline routes and it promoted the entrance of other airlines into the market (Airlines Industry Profile: Europe, 2014, p. 9). Therefore, the act exposed the airline industry to competitive market forces that have resulted to rivalry among different firms. Nonetheless, the passenger’s fares decreased in a number of market because of the growth of competition in the industry. The competition came because of new entrance of airline of low cost into the market (Airlines Industry Profile: United Kingdom 2014, p.8). The strategy of low cost airline have been so appealing especially to traditional airlines and this led to Southwest airline being the pioneer to introduce low fares airline for short routes. In Europe, deregulation act helped in emergence of the first European low cost airline after which, rivalry competition have dominated the market due to high number of low cost airlines. Low cost airlines have lower cost compared to the cost of their competitors. The

Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Research Paper

Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor - Research Paper Example Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) binding to TrkB is an important component of phospholipase Cg, mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (MAPK/ERK) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase pathways, all transducing signals into and out of cells. With roles in transmitting signals, changes in BDNF will thus be highly manifested as changes in memory, behavior, and cognition. Bipolar disease (BD) is a pathologic condition of the nervous system caused by both environmental and biological factors. It affects structures in the brain that affect mood, cognition, and behavior such as the limbic system, striatum, pallidum, thalamus, and cortex. Particularly, highly implicated in the development of the disease is the impairment of neuronal survival and synaptic plasticity, as mediated by BDNF, high quantities of which are found in the cortex, limbic structures, olfactory bulb, and cerebellum. Briefly, these parts are important in attention, memory, smell perception, and emotions, respectively. Because BDNF is found at high concentrations on brain areas highly affected during BD, many studies have looked into its particular characteristics with and without the disease. Because of the multiple pieces of evidence implicating BDNF to BD, several studies have looked into BDNF at a genetic level to better understand the disease. Many studies have found that a change from val66val to val66met is highly critical in the development of BD. In particular, val66met was found to cause lower cognitive task scores, partly because it results to lower volumes of the limbic system (hippocampus and parahippocampus), dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and temporal lobe as compared to that of the val66val variety. Â  

Cultural Features of China Today Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Cultural Features of China Today - Research Paper Example The people of China have been heavily influenced by these changes in China. This paper discusses some of those changes that signify the contemporary Chinese culture and society and discusses their impact on the people of China. One of the most remarkable changes the world politics has seen in the start of the 21st century is China’s rise of power. The culture of China today serves as a resource for soft power whose use has helped China surface as a powerful country in the world. â€Å"THE SOFT POWER OF A COUNTRY RESTS PRIMARILY ON THREE RESOURCES: ITS CULTURE (IN PLACES WHERE IT IS ATTRACTIVE TO OTHERS), ITS POLITICAL VALUES (WHEN IT LIVES UP TO THEM AT HOME AND ABROAD), AND ITS FOREIGN POLICIES (WHEN THEY ARE SEEN AT LEGITIMATE AND HAVING MORAL AUTHORITY)† (Nye and Jisi 25). One of the most important outcomes of the rise of China’s soft power that has affected the lives of the people of China is growth of multiculturalism. Chinese students are studying with fore igners in their own universities and colleges, and the streets and beautiful places of China have attracted the attention of tourists from all over the world. Overall, the exposure of Chinese people to the global scenario and foreign cultures has increased manifolds. This has helped the Chinese people easily integrate into foreign cultures and reap the benefits of studying and working in advanced countries. â€Å"WHILE THE VOICE OF AMERICA WAS CUTTING ITS CHINESE BROADCASTS FROM NINETEEN TO FOURTEEN HOURS A DAY, CHINA RADIO INTERNATIONAL WAS INCREASING ITS BROADCASTS IN ENGLISH TO TWENTY-FOUR HOURS A DAY† (Nye and Jisi 26). The importance of soft power in China can be estimated from the fact that it has entered the official language of China. Hu Jintao, in the speech that he made at the Communist Party of China’s (CPC) 17th National Congress, emphasized upon a need for the CPC to â€Å"ENHANCE CULTURE AS PART OF THE SOFT POWER OF OUR COUNTRY TO BETTER GUARANTEE THE PE OPLE’S BASIC CULTURAL RIGHTS AND INTERESTS† (Jintao cited in Nye and Jisi 28). He recognized culture as a very important source of innovation and national cohesion whose significance in China’s strength has grown over the decades. Public diplomacy as a cultural trait has developed in China comprehensively and systematically. A major example of this is the cultural-cum-language center of China, the Confucius Institute that has been designed and established to increase the drive for learning the national Chinese language that has rapidly spread in the recent years all over the world. Similarly, â€Å"IN 2004, CHINA ESTABLISHED THE LEADING SMALL GROUP FOR FOREIGN CHINESE LANGUAGE EDUCATION UNDER THE STATE COUNCIL, WHOSE OBJECTIVE WAS TO ESTABLISH 100 CONFUCIUS INSTITUTES THROUGHOUT THE WORLD† (Cho and Jeong 471). Such measures have facilitated the people of China a lot. Wherever they go in the world, they get to meet people who understand their language and c an communicate with them in their native Chinese language. This has helped the people of China overcome the effects of their deficiency of competence in the English language. â€Å"NOW, WHAT IS IN COMMON WITH NEW YORK, HAWAII, KANSAS, CALIFORNIA, MEXICO, FRANCE, SERBIA, SOUTH KOREA, EGYPT, AUSTRALIA, RUSSIA, AND RWANDA? ALMOST NOTHING, EXCEPT THAT THEY NOW HOST THE CONFUCIUS INSTITUTE, A LANGUAGE AND CULTURE CENTER MASSIVELY PRODUCED BY THE CHINESE GOVERNMENT AS ONE OF ITS LARGE-SCALE CHARM OFFENSIVES TO ENHANCE ITS SOFT POWER† (â€Å"Background Information†). Establishment of these institutes has helped the government of China strengthen the Chinese language as well as soft power. Concluding, two of the most important features of the contemporary culture of China include the increased use and

The Story of an Hour Kate Chopin

The Story of an Hour Kate Chopin The early 1900s was an era where society inflicted standards that suppressed women mentally and physically. From birth, women had to overcome many cultural and societal boundaries because of their gender such as being told how to converse and clothe, and even who to marry. Women in those times lacked many rights such as freedom of speech, the right to an education, and skills that would help them become employed. Every stage of their lives was controlled by a male figure, starting with their fathers from birth to their husbands during marriage. Unfortunately, a womans ideal role for men was to perform domestic duties inside the house and other duties such as sexual deeds; a womans voice and concerns were never considered priority nor were given respect. The stories of â€Å"The Story of an Hour†, by Kate Chopin and â€Å"The Girls in Their Summer Dresses†, by Irwin Shaw, expose a dominating attitude towards women and illustrate how they could be trapped in unsatisfying marriages because of their husbands thoughtlessness, exploitation, and domination. The protagonists in these stories have accepted their roles in their marriages by being passive spouses. Kate Chopins â€Å"The Story of an Hour†, is a story regarding a woman, Mrs. Mallard, who is trapped in a suppressing marriage and dreadfully wants to escape. This story describes an hour of freedom that has been given to her. Although a very short story, it seems like every sentence has an intense significance and meaning to it that makes the reader think in depth. Even though her husbands full name is given to the readers, â€Å"Brently Mallard†, she is only referred to as â€Å"Mrs. Mallard†, giving the hint of the oppression she had to go through and the degradation society enforced upon women in that time period. Mrs. Mallard, the protagonist of the story is troubled by her heart condition and is oppressed by her husband who loves her and does not want to purposely suppress authority, but sadly, it was the society that built the peoples personality and character, and set the standards in the nineteenth century. Interestingly enough, Chopin uses the techniqu e of foreshadowing in the first sentence of the story indicating the readers that something terrible is bound to happen to Mrs. Mallard, perhaps a heart affiliated problem. The quote,†Knowing that Mrs. Mallard was afflicted with a heart trouble, great care was taken to break to her as gently as possible the news of her husbands death.†(Chopin 1) misinforms readers in to believing that everything will be fine. Irony could be noticed from the way Mrs. Mallard acts in response to her husbands death. Normally when a widow is informed about their spouses death, they become sad and express their grief; however, when Mrs. Mallard heard the awful news from her sister Josephine, she accepted it and proceeded to her room where she could be alone. This allowed the reader to adopt a similar prospective through her point of view, a new life and a chance to live oppression free. When she proceeds to her room, she sits down on a roomy, comfortable arm chair facing the open window. The reader should instantly inquire the use of the term â€Å"Comfortable† (Chopin 1), and question the fact that she is not miserable. While looking outside the window, she observed nature carefully symbolizing her excitement for a new life. The quote, â€Å"She could see in the open square before her house the tops of trees that were all aquiver with the new spring life†¦ the delicious breath of rain was in the air†¦ the notes of distant song†¦ countless sparrows were twittering in the eaves†¦patches of the blue sky showing here and there through the clouds† (Chopin 1) describes this scene adequately. At this point of the story the reader is puzzled by Chopins use of foreshadowing whether she is sad at all due to her observance of all the beautiful aspects of nature. While fantasizing about her new life, it seemed like her conscious was trying to put a stop to her happiness, leading her to realize that she was loved by her husband even though he was s uppressive time to time, his intentions were good; however, Chopin was trying to tell the readers she had only loved him time to time and that most of the time she had no love for him, as this quote describes, â€Å"And yet she had loved him-sometimes. Often, she had not.† (Chopin 2). Chopin confuses the reader by using another method of foreshadowing making the ending even more surprising, â€Å"She breathed a quick prayer that life might be long.† (Chopin 2), and that she considers herself to be a â€Å"Goddess of victory† (Chopin 2). Chopin uses an ironic ending for her story when Mrs. Mallard is surprised to death when her husband enters the house looking perfectly healthy without even knowing the accident took place. The paradox prolongs when the readers find out that she dies due to heart disease caused by joy. Earlier when she heard the agonizing news of her husbands death, she was fairly pleased of the idea of being free, having no authority figure gover ning her life; however, she was not eager to go through that life again, causing her to die once she saw her husband alive. Irwin Shaws, â€Å"The Girls in Their Summer Dresses†, depicts a couple whose marriage is in jeopardy due to the husbands lack of consideration for his wifes feelings. The story starts with the protagonist of the story, Frances, and her husband, Michael, enjoying a walk on a Sunday afternoon in New York City, part of Francess plans to spend the whole day alone with her husband as deliberated initially. While walking down the street, Frances caught her husband checking out a pretty girl who leads her to protest against it, â€Å"Shes not so pretty†¦Anyway, not pretty enough to take a chance breaking your neck looking at her.†(Shaw 1). When confronted of his actions, Michael carelessly replies, â€Å"I look at everything†¦I look at women and men†¦I casually inspect the universe.† (Shaw 2). This statement provides the readers with an idea of Michaels character who is the dominating figure in the story, who is lacking respect for his wife and is explo iting her weakness of not ending their relationship. Divorce was uncommon in the early 1900s even when men commit adultery. Francess feelings were depicted well as the author wrote, â€Å"She began to cry†¦someday youre going to make a move†¦Michael didnt say anything. He sat watching the bartender slowly peel a lemon.† (Shaw 4). Irrationally, Michael lets Frances know that â€Å"Sometimes I [Michael] would like to be free† (Shaw 4), and that eventually one day hell â€Å"make a move† (Shaw 4). Unfortunately, Michael treated women as objects who were merely around to perform sexual favours, he even depicted his wife as a sexual object when they arrived at a bar for some drinks, as this quote describes, â€Å"She got up from the table and walked across the room†¦Michael watched her walk, thinking, what a pretty girl, what nice legs.† (Shaw 4). Interestingly enough, Michael turns everything around by stating â€Å"Its a nice day and we both feel good and theres no reason why we have to break it up.† (Shaw 4), by declaring this, Michael blames the fact that their day is turning out to be unpleasant on Frances, and due to her has low self-esteem and insecurity, she accepts the claim by saying, â€Å"All right. I dont know why I started this. Lets drop it. Lets have a good time.† (Shaw 2). By stating this, Frances portrayed herself to be a submissive individual; meanwhile, Michael was careless and disrespectful. Throughout the nineteenth century, a womans purpose was merely based on performing domestic duties in their homes, and they did not contribute to the household income in any way. Women were dishonoured and exploited by men to a point that they were simply degraded to a childs level in society. Excessive male dominance and authority guided countless women getting the sensation of feeling trapped in their household, incapable to flee from the imprisonment enforced upon them by their spouses. The stories, â€Å"The Story of an Hour†, and â€Å"The Girls in Their Summer Dresses†, both depict tolerable house wives who are dominated and exploited by their husbands and have acquiesced to their role in their relationship and are submissive individuals who do not rise up and rebel against their husbands. These stories truthfully exemplify how women in the 19th century had to accept their husbands for who they were, and did not have many alternatives other than accepting to live with the repression until death did them apart.

Essay --

Introduction The National Security Agency (NSA) is considered to be one of the largest components so the U.S intelligence community stands. It is primarily responsible for gathering intelligence report from detailed communications with the active involvement of the various intelligence tools. It was established in 1952 from the code breaking effort adopted by the handful of military officers and civilians and by and by and by the agency grew in stature and marked its position to gain the role of signal intelligence which is also known as SIGNIT. All of this has resulted from the initiatives taken by the congress and actually it is the congress that helped in providing it the required framework required NSA to carry out its various activities and the enacted laws skilfully guides the limits of NSA. From the perspective of electronic surveillance of US persons and also they are supporting and taking due notice of the public pertaining to the issues at NSA and the related reforms that are directed to make NSA more and more equipped in meeting up with the quotidian technical as well as geopolitical challenges. At present, NSA is constantly coming across multitude of challenges and as well as seeing through a difficult operational environment that brings in certain limitations to its work areas like spending levels for intelligence reports into queries for the future prospects of NSA. The European Parliament has also came forward highlighting the interest of the public who allege that the US along with few other countries are constantly involved in systematic electronic eavesdropping so as to be able to launce the commercial interest of US operations in full effect. (Linda B. 1999) In response to the huge amount of congressional conc... ...concern of the Congress concerning the activity of the NSA is very unlikely to finish and the researchers are of the opinion that amidst attacks on NSA, members of the European parliaments and the members of the Congress jointly may come up and criticize not only the operations and activities as undertaken by the NSA but also its roles and missions. Funding for the efforts being undertaken on part of the NSA has widespread results from the consideration of geopolitical as well as technological work environments that needs to be put into some sort of balance against other prevalent requirements. (Jeremy S. 2000) And more so to a much enhanced degree as compared to that of the past, the Congress is expected to continue to indulge itself in internal challenges in the agency designed to gain in capabilities from the perspective of boosting the technological framework. â€Æ'